Milka Asenova - expert Information and publicity
Area: 1168,0 ha Altitude: 21-38 m
The island of Vardim is the third biggest Bulgarian island along the Danube. It is situated on the Danube River from km 546 to km 542, east of the town of Svishtov and north of the village of Vardim. Vardim Island is almost entirely covered with natural riverine forest, which in its western part was cut and turned into poplar plantation. The main habitat on the island is a natural floodplain forest with complex structure. Unique for the site is the association of Quercus robur, Quercus pedunculiflora and Ulmus laevis. In the oak part of the forest there is undergrowth with the participation of Amorpha fruicosa, etc. The rest of the island is dominated by White Poplar Populus alba and Black Poplar Populus nigra and the vegetation there has poorer species composition compared with that on the Danube banks. The open grasslands occupy a relatively small area. In the period of high spring waters the island gets flooded, but during the rest of the year it remains dry. Temporary sand strips with no vegetation appear in its western and eastern parts (Doykov 1990; Ivanov 1993).
Vardim Island is a representative area for birds dependent on riverine forests habitats. It supports 75 bird species, 21 of which are listed in the Red Data Book for Bulgaria (1985). Of the birds occurring there 31 species are of European conservation concern (SPEC) (BirdLife International, 2004), 2 of them being listed in category SPEC 1 as globally threatened, 11 in SPEC 2 and 18 in SPEC 3 as species threatened in Europe. The international importance of Vardim Island is determined by the fact, that it is one of the five most valuable Bulgarian sites for the breeding Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo, Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax and Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia, that form considerable colonies there. By 1985 the Pygmy Cormorant Phalacrocorax pygmeus, Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides and Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus also used to breed there (Grimmett, Jones 1989), but in recent years this is no longer the case. Recently the White-tailed Eagle Haliaetus albicilla breeds again on the island.
Area: 446,5 ha Altitude: 40-85 m
Hadzi Dimitrovo fishponds, located in the Middle Danubian Plain to the north of main road E83, on both sides of the Studena Reka river -a tributary to the Yantra River, in the grounds of the villages Alekovo and Hadzi Dimitrovo. It is a complex of 14 water basins, turned into fishponds, together with their adjacent wet terrain and arable plots. The open water surface is 195 ha with large areas overgrown with water fringe vegetation, mainly Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, T. latifolia, Scirpus lacustris and Scirpus triqueter both along the banks and sparsely inside. The open water surface is partly covered by Nymphoides peltata, Ceratphyllum demersum, Potamogeton spp., etc. The water debt of the basins varies between 1 and 1,5 m. The fishponds are surrounded by pastures, arable lands and shrubs. Single old willow and poplar trees still exist around the fishponds.
Hadzi Dimitrovo fishponds supports 116 bird species, 33 of which are listed in the Red Data Book for Bulgaria. Of the birds occurring there 53 species are of European conservation concern (SPEC) (BirdLife International, 2004), 1 of them being listed in category SPEC 1 as globally threatened, 12 in SPEC 2 and 40 in SPEC 3 as species threatened in Europe. The area provides suitable habitats for 36 species, included in Annex 2 of the Biodiversity Act, which need special conservation measures, of which 35 are listed also in Annex I of the Birds Directive. The fishponds are one of the most important sites in the country on European Union scale for 4 species of waterfowl that breed there in considerable numbers – the globally threatened Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca, Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybridus, Black Tern Chlidonias niger and the Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax. The Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus is represented in the fishponds with good breeding population. It is also regular hunting area for the White-tailed Eagle Haliaetus albicilla. Numerous waterbirds use the fishponds as migration stopover site and during the winter. The Great Snipe Gallinago media occurs there in significant numbers during the migration.
About 48% of the territory of Hadzi Dimitrovo fishponds are designated under legal protection in 2005 to protect the threatened bird species. In 2005 the whole area of the fishponds was designated as Important Bird Area by BirdLife International. Site classified as SPA by Council of Ministers Decision No. 122/02.03.2007 (promulgated SG 21/2007). Issued designation order by the Minister of Environment and Water with prohibitions and restrictions on activities contradicting the conservation objectives of the site – Order No. RD – 785/29.10.2008 (promulgated SG 104/2008).
Продължи четенето -> BG0002070 Ribarnitsi Hadzhi Dimitrovo protected zone
